水坝建设对滹沱河流域石家庄段生态环境的影响

在分析大量相关资料的基础上,进行了野外水位观测,并对20世纪70年代、90年代及2002年3个时期的卫星遥感图像数据进行解译,综合研究水坝建设对滹沱河流域石家庄段生态环境的影响。结果表明:由于上游水库的拦截,使下游地表水资源量大幅度减少,分布面积显著萎缩;下游河道径流减少,甚至断流;植被分布面积不断减少,湿地消失,河滩沙化严重,成为当地沙尘的主要物源;水库的拦截和坝基的防渗,截断了下游平原区地下水的补给来源,地下水位因此不断下降,形成区域大漏斗,恶化了地质生态环境,引起地下水资源不断减少。

Effect of dam construction on eco-environment of Shijiazhuang section of Hutuo River Basin

Based on analysis of a great deal of related data,the field water level observation is performed,and the remote sensing images of the 1970s,the 1990s,and the year of 2002 are interpreted.Some conclusions are drawn from comprehensive research of the effect of dam construction on eco-environment of Shijiazhuang section of Hutuo River Basin: the interception of the reservoir on the upstream leads to the great reduction of surface water resources and the areas of their distribution on the lower reach,the reduction of runoff of the lower river channel and even complete water cut-off,the continuous reduction of vegetation coverage areas,the diminution of wetland,and the serious desertification of flood plain,which becomes the main source of dust in this area;the interception of the reservoir and seepage control of the dam foundation also cut off the groundwater recharge to plain area on the lower reach,resulting in the continuous reduction of groundwater level and the formation of large depression cones in this area.Therefore,the dam construction deteriorates the geological eco-environment and makes the groundwater sources decrease continuously.