FCHM结构与融雪模型：森林流域水文模型研究之一

为了研究森林水文效应，根据流域产汇流规律和森林与水分之间的交互作用，以系统分析理论为基础，研制了一个仅需“简单”输入的概念性的森林流域水文模型。高山深谷融雪模型是流域水文模型中的一个子模型，它是根据高山深谷地带积雪水当量和热力条件的垂直地带分布特性设计而成。本流域模型在１０余个森林流域的水文模拟实验表明，模型是有效的，能够解决森林水文效应研究中的有关课题；并且，在洪水预报、水利水电工程、山地灾害研究与预测等领域，也有广泛的应用前景。

FCHM Structure And Snowmelt Model

In order to study forest hydrological effect,according to regulation of runoff yield and afflux andinteraction effect between forest and moisture,and then based on the system analysis theory,the generalizedforest drainage hydrological model which can be put in simply is developed.Snowmelt model for high moun-tain and deep valley is a submodel of drainage hydrological model.It is designed according to vertical zone dis-tribution features of water equivalent for perpetual snow and thermal conditions in high mountain and deepvalley. Over ten hydrological analog modeling experiments in forest drainage area show that the modes is ef-fective and capable of solving the relative problems in study on forest hydrological effects.In the future, it al-so can be widely used in the field of flood forecastlng,water conservancy and water power projects,maintaindisasters and forecasting.