粘性细颗粒泥沙絮凝研究概述

以絮凝动力学理论(Smoluchowski方程)、胶体稳定性理论(DLVO理论)和分形几何(Fractal Geometry)在絮凝研究中的应用为线索，回顾了粘性细颗粒泥沙絮凝结构，絮团沉速，以及影响絮凝因素(泥沙粒径、浓度、电解质阳离子、温度和水流紊动等)等方面的研究成果；综述了絮团的尺寸、密度、沉速、破坏强度及碰撞频率函数的分形几何描述方式；介绍了快速絮凝和慢速絮凝的分形生长模型，以及絮凝发育过程数值模拟的研究进展．针对河流泥沙在矿物组成、颗粒尺度、表面电荷分布和水中盐分多样性的特点，以及粘性细颗粒泥沙絮凝研究的特殊性，提出进一步深化粘性细颗粒泥沙絮凝研究的建议．

On flocculaton of cohesive fine sediment

Based on the kinetics of flocculation (Smoluchowski equation) theory, colloid stability theory (DLVO theory) and the application of fractal geometry on the flocculation researches, works on the cluster structure, settling velocity, and main factors (such as grain diameter of particles, concentration, cation of electrolyte, temperature and current turbulence) influencing aggregation for cohesive fine sediment are reviewed, issues of fractal number, size, mass density, settling velocity, critical strength, and the collision frequency functions expressed in fractal geometry are summarized, the advances of fractal growth models describing both rapid and slow flocculation processes as well as the numerical simulation methods are introduced. A proposal for the future investigation on flocculation of cohesive sediment is put forward according to such characteristics of sediment as composition of minerals, grain size, charge distribution on the surface, and diversity of the electrolyte in water, and to the particularity of flocculation of cohesive fine sediment.