深中通道工程对珠江口水动力环境影响

深圳至中山跨江通道工程(简称深中通道)连接深圳和中山两市,跨越珠江口内伶仃洋"三滩两槽",大型人工岛及大量桥墩的存在必然对珠江口水域的水流动力环境造成一定的影响。通过伶仃洋潮流物理模型试验,研究深中通道各工程方案对珠江口水动力环境的影响。研究结果表明:A2方案(伶仃航道隧道+矾石航道桥梁)对潮位影响最大、其他次之;人工岛及桥墩附近水域流态变化较明显,以人工岛最大,通风井、锚碇、主塔、索塔等建筑物次之,非通航桥墩附近流态变化不明显,桥轴线5 km以远水域已基本不受工程影响。总体而言,各工程方案对伶仃洋滩槽格局影响都不大,结合其他专题研究,一致推荐A3方案(伶仃航道桥梁+矾石航道隧道)作为深中通道合理可行方案。

Impacts of Shenzhen-Zhongshan bridge project on hydrodynamic environment of Pearl River estuary

The Shenzhen-Zhongshan sea-crossing bridge connects the cities of Shenzhen and Zhongshan, across the “three shoals and two deep troughs” in the Pearl River estuary. A lot of piers and large-scale artificial islands in the water area will have impacts on the hydrodynamic environment of the Lingdingyang estuary, the inner part of the Pearl River estuary. In this research, the physical model for the bridge is built to analyze the impacts of the project on the hydrodynamic environment of the Lingdingyang estuary. The experimental results show that: the scheme A2 has the greatest impacts on the sea level, the others take the second place; the changes in sea level and flow field are sensible near the artificial island and the main piers; the impacts of the artificial island on the hydrodanamic environment are the greatest, the impacts of the ventilation shafts, anchorage, king tower, towers located on the Lingdingyang sea area take the second place; there will be no great changes near the non-navigable bridge pier; and the the area 5,000 m away from the bridge has a tiny change. Overall, the Shenzhen-Zhongshan project has little impacts on the Lingdingyang estuary. Based on this research and other previous researches, experts have unanimously recommended that the scheme A3 (a bridge across the Lingdingyang waterway combined with the Fanshi submerged tunnel) should be taken as a reasonable and feasible scheme.