防洪排涝排水一体化模型在洪水风险图编制中的应用

随着城市洪涝灾害频繁发生，编制洪水风险图已成为当前国内外城市防洪减灾工作中重要内容，它可反映区域洪涝成因、量级、特性、危及对象及应急对策等风险信息分布特征。采用水力学方法构建水力学模型模拟研究区域洪水演进情况是洪水风险图编制常用的方法，通过构建考虑河道、城市地下管网、排水系统设施、阻水建筑物、水利工程及调度的防洪排涝排水一体化模型，将城市防洪排涝与排水有机结合，并兼顾流域与区域风险，通过历史降雨对模型进行校核验证，保证模型的可靠性。模拟计算了景德镇市城区因超标准洪水导致防洪墙溃决或城市暴雨可能发生的受淹和积水情况，并根据计算结果绘制洪水风险图，对景德镇市预防外围洪水、降低城市内涝洪水影响及土地利用和城市发展规划等提供决策依据和技术支持。

Flood control and drainage integration model applied to flood risk mapping

With the frequent floods in urban areas, flood risk mapping has become one of the most important none-engineering measures in the work of flood control and disaster reduction at home and abroad, which can reflect the distribution characteristics of the risk information, such as the cause, magnitude and characteristics of flood, affected objects and emergency measures. There is a common method to compile the flood risk map based on the theory of hydraulics. We can build hydraulics models to simulate the flood evolution of the study area. Based on the data of flood, waterlogging and drainage, and taking basin and regional risk into consideration, we use historical rainfall to validate the model so as to ensure the reliability of the model. By building a flood control, waterlogging and drainage integration model with the consideration of the urban underground pipe network, drainage system facilities, water-blocking building, water conservancy projects and dispatching, we simulate the flood embankment breach and waterlogging flooded in Jingdezhen city because of overproof flood and rainstorm, and draw the flood risk map according to the calculation results. The study has provided a decision basis and technical support to Jingdezhen for flood control, land usage and urban development planning.