风载荷对单柱式海上风力机船舶碰撞影响研究

随着海上风能的开发与利用,船舶与海上风力机的碰撞风险正逐渐上升。为此采用非线性有限元软件LS-DYNA模拟速度为2m/s质量为5000 t的船舶与3 MN单柱式海上风力机碰撞过程,研究有、无风载荷及风载荷作用方向对风力机结构动力响应影响,对比分析了碰撞力、塔顶位移、塔顶加速度以及撞击处塔架等效塑性应变。其结果表明:风载荷对风力机船舶碰撞动力响应影响很大,碰撞力相对差异约为1%,塔顶位移相对差异约为10.9%,塔顶加速度相对差异约为17.5%,撞击处等效塑性应变相对差异约为3.05%;海上风力机船舶碰撞动力响应在不同风载荷作用方向上有着很大的差异,不同风载荷作用方向上最大与最小的碰撞力、塔顶位移、塔顶加速度以及撞击处等效塑性应变相对差异分别为28.5%、57%、62.5%以及9.5%;塔架纵向摆动随着风载荷的作用方向产生很大变化,最大值为0.505 m,最小值为0.0393 m。研究结果可为海上风力机抗碰撞防护性能研究及设计提供理论参考。

Research the influence of wind load on the collision of ship and monopile offshore wind turbine

With the development and utilization of offshore wind power, the collision risk between the ship and offshore wind turbine is gradually rising. Therefore, the nonlinear finite element LS-DYNA simulation software is used to simulate the collision process of a 5000 t ship at a speed of 2 m/s with a typical 3 MW monopile offshore wind turbine and to study the influence of the wind load on the collision between ship and monopile wind turbine. Through the analysis of collision force, displacement and acceleration of the top in tower and equivalent plastic strain at the tower, the result can be obtained as follow: the wind load on the wind turbine has great influence on dynamic response of collision; relative difference of the collision force, displacement and acceleration of the top in tower and equivalent plastic strain at the tower are about 1%, 10.9%, 17.5% and 3.05%, respectively. The direction of wind load has also great influence on dynamic response of collision; in the different direction of the wind load, the maximum and minimum of the collision force, displacement and acceleration of the top in tower and equivalent plastic strain at the tower are about 28.5%, 57%, 62.5% and 28.5%, respectively. In the different direction of the wind load, the maximum and minimum of longitudinal displacement are 0.505 m and 0.0393 m, respectively. The results of the study can provide theoretical reference to provide the offshore wind turbine in the collision.