闸后两种消能型式的试验对比研究

新疆渠首大部分修建在出山口位置,夏季河道洪水峰高量大,携带泥沙多、持续时间短,洪水对泄洪闸下游河床淘刷严重,威胁闸室稳定。工程建设中主要采用斜护坦+深隔墙和斜护坦+裙板两种型式进行消能防冲处理。为了分析这两种型式的消能效果,选择塔尔朗渠首工程,通过水工模型试验进行了对比研究。试验反映出,两种消能工都具有较好的消能效果。裙板的倒坡构造还能够使洪水产生部分回流,将河床质泥沙带回齿墙部位,从而减小了齿墙部位的淘刷。为此,试验中重点开展3种结构尺寸的裙板消能试验。试验结果表明:长度为6m的裙板消能型式与深齿墙消能型式的冲刷深度接近,冲坑深度最浅;但裙板消能冲坑最深处距离齿墙的位置却大于深齿墙消能型式。因此,裙板消能型式在满足消能效果的同时,能够较好地保护斜护坦齿墙不被淘刷,从而提高齿墙的安全性能。

Comparative study on two types of energy dissipation after brake

Most of the canals in Xinjiang are built in the location of the mountain pass. The flood peak of the river is large in summer, carrying a lot of sediment and showing a short duration, and the scouring of the riverbed after the sluice gate is serious, threatening the stability of the gate chamber. In the engineering construction, the energy-saving and anti-shock treatment is mainly carried out in two types: sloped apron + deep partition wall and loped apron + apron board. In order to analyze the effect of these two types of energy dissipation, a comparative study was carried out through the hydraulic model test by choosing the Tarlang Canal Head Project. The experiment shows that the both kinds of energy dissipation work have good effect. The slope structure of the apron board can also cause the flood to produce partial reflux, which will bring the bed sediment back to the wall part, thereby reducing the scouring on the tooth wall. To this end, the experiment focuses on three kinds of structural sizes of skirt board elimination test. The test results show that the apron board energy dissipation type with the length of 6m is close to the erosion depth of the deep tooth wall energy dissipation type, and the depth is the shallowest. However, the position of the apron board crater is greater than that of the deep tooth wall. As a result, the apron board energy dissipation type can improve the safety performance of the tooth wall, while protecting the slope apron wall from being washed.