北疆高海拔区苜蓿灌溉制度计算分析

以北疆高海拔地区伊吾县和青河县为例,利用Penman-Monteith公式计算参考作物蒸发蒸腾量的方法推算出不同水平年两地苜蓿生育期内地面灌溉、喷灌、滴灌3种灌溉方式下的灌溉制度。结果表明:相同水平年内研究地区均为滴灌灌溉定额最小、灌水次数最多;相同水平年同一灌溉方式条件下,伊吾地区的灌溉次数、灌溉定额均大于青河地区;各水平年内,研究地区7、8月份的灌水次数所占全生育期的比例均较大。计算结果为提高伊吾、青河地区苜蓿灌溉管理水平提供依据,为气候类似的地区制定苜蓿灌溉制度提供参考。

Calculation analysis of irrigation system of alfalfa in high altitude area of northern Xinjiang

Taking Yiwu county and Qinghe county in high altitude area of northern Xinjiang for example, based on the calculation of reference crop evapotranspiration with the Penman-Monteith equation,the paper got the irrigation system under the three irrigation ways such as ground irrigation, sprinkler irrigation, drip irrigation in different level years in alfalfa grown period. The results show that in the same level year, the minimum value of irrigation quota and the maximum number of irrigation frequency are drip irrigation. Under the condition of the same level year and the same irrigation way,the irrigation frequency and irrigation quota in Yiwu are more than that in Qinghe. In each level year, the irrigation times in July and August account for a significant proportion of the times during the whole growth period.The results can provide the basis for improving the irrigation and management level of alfalfa in Yiwu and Qinghe and provide the reference for the formulation of irrigation system of alfalfa in similar climate areas.