基于长系列观测资料的干旱区降水入渗补给规律研究

利用新疆昌吉地下水均衡试验站地中蒸渗仪长系列(1992-2015年)降水入渗实测资料,探讨降水入渗补给过程中的滞后现象,分析影响降水入渗补给的主要因素;依据降水入渗补给系数研究降水入渗补给量随潜水埋深的变化规律,确定不同地层的最佳潜水埋深和稳定埋深。结果表明:在试验条件下,砂卵砾石地层和细砂地层最佳潜水埋深点为0. 5 m,轻黏土地层最佳潜水埋深点为0. 0 m;降水入渗补给量随潜水埋深的增大而减小并趋于稳定,稳定潜水埋深为6. 0 m。依据最佳潜水埋深点和稳定点建立了年降水入渗补给系数与潜水埋深间的指数型经验公式。

Research on the precipitation infiltration recharge law in arid area based on long series observation data

According to the lysimeter data of Groundwater Balance Test Station of Changji, Xinjiang from 1992 to 2015, this paper discusses the hysteresis phenomenon in the process of infiltration recharge and analyzes influencing factors on infiltration recharge of groundwater. According to the precipitation recharge coefficient, we studies the change law of precipitation infiltration replenishment with groundwater depth and determines the optimal depth of unconfined groundwater and stable depth of different strata. The results indicated that the optimal depth point of sand gravel stratum and fine sand stratum are 0.5 m, and the optimal depth of light clay stratum is 0.0 m. Precipitation infiltration replenishment decreases along with the increase of depth of unconfined groundwaterand and tends to become stable. The stable groundwater depth is 6.0 m. An exponential experience formula between precipitation recharge coefficient and depth of unconfined groundwater is established based on the optimal depth and stable point.