森林对流域蒸发和径流影响的动态模拟

为了揭示森林植被对流域蒸发和径流的影响,用耦合模型SSiB4T/TRIFFID对长江两条支流蒸发和径流对植被覆盖动态变化的响应过程进行了模拟,分析了森林植被影响蒸发和径流的机制。在植被动态演替过程中,上游的梭磨河流域森林主要通过改变土壤蒸发和冠层截留蒸发影响蒸发和径流,其水文效应与冠层截留能力和土壤蒸发能力有关;下游的青弋江流域森林主要通过自身较强的蒸腾作用明显增加蒸发和减小径流。

Dynamic simulation of the effects of forest vegetation on evaporation and runoff in river Basin

In order to reveal the impacts of forests on evaporation and runoff in river basin,the coupled model SSiB4T/TRIFFID was employed to conduct numerical simulations for responses of evaporation and runoff on the dynamic changes of vegetation cover over two tributaries of the Yangtze River.The mechanism of forests effecting evaporation and runoff was analyzed.The results showed that in the process of long-term vegetation succession,the forests in the Suomo River Basin located in the upper reaches influence the evaporation and runoff mainly through changing the soil evaporation and canopy interception.The hydrological effects are related to the ability of canopy interception and soil evaporation.The forests in Qingyijiang River Basin located in the down reaches increase evaporation and reduce runoff significantly through their relatively strong transpiration.