新疆玛纳斯河流域水文循环二元分化及其生态效应

人类对水资源的集约高效利用从循环路径和循环特性两个方面改变了玛纳斯河流域水循环过程及其生态统一性,平原区水循环发生了以人工水循环为主导的二元分化。根据已有的分布式水文循环模型及水文监测资料分析得出,人工绿洲、天然绿洲、过渡带和荒漠间生态统一性出现无序化趋势,人工绿洲水分垂向循环加强,蒸发下渗量加大,而天然绿洲及过渡带水平方向径流通量减少,可利用生态水量大量减少,造成绿洲-荒漠生态呈现出对抗趋势。

Dual differentiation of hydrologic cycle and its ecologic results in Manas River Basin of Xinjiang

The humanity who used the water resources by highly intensity has changed the water cycle process and its ecology unity in Manas River Basin from the two aspects of the circulating way and the circulating characteristic,the water cycle in plain has occurred the dual differentiation leaded by the artificial water cycle.According to the distributional hydrologic cycle model and the analysis of hydrologic monitoring data which has obtained,among the artificial oasis,the natural oasis,the intermediate belt and deserts,the ecologic unity has appeared the disorder tendency,the vertical circulation of artificial oasis has strengthened,evaporation and infiltration has enlarged,but the natural oasis and the intermediate belt horizontal runoff flux has reduced,potential ecology water has massively reduced,this has created the resistance tendency between oasis and wilderness ecology.