河北雨洪模型在半干旱区的应用与研究

河北雨洪模型是一种兼具蓄满和超渗产流机制的概念性水文模型。为了探索河北雨洪模型在半干旱区的应用效果,并研究目标函数对模型模拟结果的影响,以黄河上游小流域为研究区,对研究区1994-2010年间的10场洪水过程进行模拟,并分别以峰值加权均方根误差、加权误差及效率系数为目标函数,研究了不同目标函数对模型模拟结果的影响。结果表明:河北雨洪模型对西北半干旱区的洪水过程模拟有良好的适用性;不同目标函数对模型模拟效果的影响各有侧重,但模拟结果都很接近,在实际问题中,应根据关注的重点恰当选取目标函数而避免一定的盲目性;选取峰值加权均方根误差作为目标函数时,模型对副峰的模拟效果较好。

The application and research of Hebei Flood model in semi-arid area

Hebei Flood model is a conceptual hydrological model with both storage-excess runoff and infiltration-excess runoff mechanisms. In order to investigate the application effects of Hebei Flood model in semi-arid areas and of objective function on the simulation results, in this paper 10 floods were simulated from 1994 to 2010 based on Hebei Flood model for the study area which located in the upstream of the Yellow River areas. The effects of different objective functions (by using the peak-weighted root mean square error, weighted error and efficiency coefficient, respectively) on the simulation results were studied. The results showed that: Hebei Flood model has good applicability to simulate the flood process in the semi-arid areas of northwest China, the effects of different objective functions on the simulation results of the model have different emphases, but the simulation results were very close, so in practical respects, the objective function should be selected considering the appropriate focus of attention to avoid certain blindness, when the peak-weighted root mean square error was chosen as the objective function, the simulation of the secondary peak was better.