我国典型地区浅层高碘地下水分布特征及其赋存环境

碘作为人体必需的一种微量元素,缺碘或过多摄入碘都会导致甲状腺肿大疾病。相较于缺碘,高碘地下水对人体的危害更加难以控制。针对我国典型的水源型高碘地区,通过对高碘地下水环境的对比研究,分析了我国不同高碘地区高碘地下水的水环境特征及碘的赋存环境。结果表明:我国浅层高碘地下水主要分布在东部沿海地区的平原区以及中西部的山前冲洪积平原的中下游地区;高碘地下水的赋存环境与沉积环境、地下径流条件和气候类型相关,人类活动也是重要的影响因素;在此基础上,提出了我国浅层高碘地下水研究亟待解决的科学问题,为今后浅层高碘地下水的系统研究提供了理论指导。

The distribution characteristics and storage environments of rich iodine in shallow groundwater of typical areas in China

Iodine is an essential micronutrient in human body, Iodine deficiency and excess can lead to two kinds of goiters. Compared with iodine deficiency, the harm of high iodine groundwater to human health is more difficult to control. Aiming to the typical areas with rich iodine in China, a contrast research of the environments of the ground water with rich iodine was conducted, and the distribution characteristics and storage environments of shallow groundwater with rich iodine were analyzed . The results showed that: the shallow groundwater with rich iodine mainly distributed in the eastern plains near the sea and the middle and lower reaches of piedmont plain in midwest China. The distributions of the shallow groundwater with rich iodine were affected by the sedimentary environment, the underground runoff conditions, the types of climate and human activities, etc. After having a contrast research of the water environmental characteristics and storage environments of the shallow groundwater with rich iodine, some problems of the shallow rich-iodine groundwater to be solved were proposed. The paper can provide theory guidance for the systematic research of the shallow groundwater with rich iodine in the future.