强风作用下珠江黄茅海河口湾的潮能通量与耗散研究

对于河口营养物质及沉积物输运而言,潮汐和风提供了大量能量来源。基于SELFE模型,建立了珠江河网-河口湾的三维数值模型,分析了黄茅海河口湾在强风及潮流作用下的能量输运及能量耗散问题。研究表明:黄茅海河口湾的潮能沿深槽向上游银洲湖及河道传播,风的作用改变了河口能量通量的振幅和相位,对各断面多潮平均能量通量影响不大。强东北风条件下,总能耗较无风状态下增加0.16~0.8倍。垂向涡动耗散项能耗为总能耗的35%~53%,增大约0.5~1.7倍,底摩擦能耗项能耗占总能耗46%~64%,较无风状态下减少5%。强风的作用使河口区域的单位面积能耗增加,垂向涡动能耗增强,摩擦能耗降低,但不会改变总能耗的空间分布性质。

Effects of strong wind on the tidal energy flux and dissipation in the Huangmaohai Estuary

The tide and wind provide huge energy for the movements of the estuary nutrients and sediments. In this study, a three-dimensional numerical model of the Pearl River Estuary was established to evaluate the effects of wind on the tidal energy flux and dissipation in the Huangmaohai Estuary. The results showed that the tidal wave can propagate along the deep trough to the estuary and delta, the effects of wind changed the amplitude and phase of the energy flux in the estuary, and it had little effect on the average energy flux of each section. The total energy consumption increased 0.16~0.8 times than that without wind effect. The vertical eddy kinetic energy was 35% ~ 53% of the total energy consumption, it increased by about 0.5~1.7 times. The friction energy consumption was 46% ~ 64% of the total energy consumption which decreased about 5%. The effects of strong wind would increase unit energy consumption, vertical eddy dynamic energy consumption, reduce friction energy loss, but did not change the spatial distribution pattern of the energy dissipation produced by morphological resistance.