包头市地下水重金属污染分布特征及来源分析

为了查明包头市地下水质量与污染状况,在包头市采集地下水样品33组、地表水样品4组,对其重金属Cr、Cd、Hg、Pb和As等指标进行了测试分析。据此,运用水化学、环境地球化学、环境质量评价和污染评价等理论和方法,分析了该区地下水重金属含量分布、污染程度及来源。结果表明,包头市四区地下水均受到不同程度重金属的污染,其中东河区地下水重金属元素检出、超标点均为最多,污染程度最大;5种重金属元素检出率由高到低依次为Pb>As>Cd>Cr6+,按污染程度由高到低依次为Pb>Cr6+>As>Cd。通过对涉重企业废水排放资料、土壤重金属和地表水(污水)测试结果分析可得,工业废水排放是地下水重金属污染主要物质来源。相关性分析结果表明地下水中Cd与Pb存在显著相关性,二者可能具有同源性。

Pollution Distribution and Source Analysis of Heavy Metals in Groundwater of Baotou city

In order to investigate the groundwater quality and contamination in Baotou City, 33 groundwater samples and 4 surface water samples were collected to analyze the heavy metals such as Cr, Cd, Hg, Pb, and As. The pollution distribution of heavy metals and their sources in four different districts in Baotou were analyzed using the hydrochemical analysis, environmental geochemical analysis, environmental quality assessment, and pollution evaluation methods. The results indicated that all four districts have heavy metal contamination and the heaviest pollution is detected in the Donghe district, where the samples with detection and over standard of heavy metals are the most. The order of detection rate of heavy metals is Pb>As>Cd>Cr6+, and the pollution degree is Pb>Cr6+>As>Cd. Based on the analysis of industrial wastewater, heavy metal contents in soil and domestic sewage, industrial wastewater effluent is the main source of heavy metal pollution. In addition, there is significant relationship between Cd and Pb, indicating that they may be from the same pollution source.