发挥南水北调的生态效益修复华北平原地下水

该文阐述了南水北调工程对修复华北平原地下水枯竭的潜在生态效应.华北平原是我国最大的冲积平原之一,由于城市与工农业生产的快速发展,华北平原的地下水被大量超采,使地区的地下水位每年平均下降 0 5～ 1 0 m,并导致了一系列的生态、环境问题,诸如干化缺水、地面下沉、海水入侵等.为了挽救地下水资源和修复生态,笔者认为调水实现后可望利用南水北调中线与东线长期向北方输水的效应,实现对地下水的回补 ,并提出了技术与体制的框架.

Exploring an Ecological Benefit of South-to-North Water Transfers for Rehabilitating Groundwater Systems in The North China Plain

This paper deals with possible ecological effect of constructing the South - to - North Water Transfers on the rehabilitation of groundwater depletion in the North China Plain (NCP). It is one of the largest alluvial plains in China. With rapid development of cities and industries the excessive exploitation of groundwater in the NCP has led to an annual decline of groundwater table around 0. 5 - 1 meters as a consequence it has resulted in a number eco - environmental issues such as water shortage, land subsidence, sea water intrusion and so on. In order to save groundwater resources the author of this paper suggested to develop groundwater recharge by possibly using the transferred water from the South - to - North Water Transfers, the middle route and east route projects for a long term operation period of water conveyance in the future. Finally, the author suggested the technical approach and institutional framework to realize the feasibility for its idea.