长江螺山站高水位流量关系和城陵矶（莲花塘）控制水位的研究

螺山站高水位流量关系是确定长江城陵矶（莲花糖）控制水位的基本依据，从基本的河道水力学规律出发，考虑涨落率修正、瞬时比降修正，计算各时段点的代表性比降，和相应糙率，求出均值，根据断面资料，得出高水位的稳定流曲线，并以各日流量转化的稳定流点，进行验证，精度很好，分析了河段区间流量对螺山站稳定流量的影响。阐明了螺山站稳定流量的变化情况和趋势，推求了各次大洪水的超额洪量，计算出莲花糖以上的总入流，根据现今的湖区及槽蓄容积进行洪水演进，计算1954年特大洪水的超额洪量，并分析节三峡水库拦洪后对长江中下游超额水量的影响；对莲花塘不同防洪控制水位进行了技术经济分析和评价，提出了抬高控制水位的具体建议。

Study of the High Stage-discharge Relation at Luoshan Gauging Station and the Control Water Level at Chenglingji(Lianhuatang)of Yangtze River

The high stage-discharge relation of the Luoshan gauging station is the fundamental basis for determining the control water level of Chenglingji(Lianhuatang)of the Yangtze River.Owing to the complicated influencing factors,many arguments have been put forward.In this paper,from the law of fundamental fluvial hydraulics,considering flututation-rate correction and instantaneous slope correction,the representative slopes for the points of various time intervals and the relevant roughness are calculated,and the mean value is obtained.Based on the cross-section data,the stationary flow curve of high water level is also obtained atfer being verified by the points of the stationary flow,transferred from the various daily flow provided with very high accuracy.The influences of interval flow of riv er reach to the stationary flow of Luoshan gauging station are analysed and the variations and trend of the stationary flow of Luoshan gauging station are clarified.The excess flood volumes of various large floods are inferred.Based on the total inflow above Lianhuatang and the storage of the present lake area and the nature channel,the flood routing are carried out ,and the excess flood volume of the extraordinary flood in1954is calculated.The influences of flood retention of the Three Gorge Reservoir on the excess water volumes of the middle and lower reaches are analysed.The technical economic analysis and appraisal of the control water level for different flood control of Lianhuatang are carried out ,and the specific proposals of raising the control water level are put forwad.