生态用水决策过程、研究层次及生态需水重要概念研究

分析生态用水和生态需水研究的发展历史，确定了生态用水决策过程的5个部分：生态问题、水与生态及价值关系、期望生态状况决策、保障措施和实施监测，并提出各个部分的主要内容．根据生态用水决策过程，提出生态需水研究的6个层次：(1)生态问题；(2)水与生态关系；(3)生态价值；(4)决策；(5)保障；(6)实施监测．通过对国内外生态需水概念的研究，提出生态需水、生态用水、生态耗水、生态保留水、期望生态需水、临界生态需水等定义．

Research on decision-making process and research levels and important concepts of ecological water use and demand

Through the analysis on the development history of the research on the ecological water use and the ecological water demand, the five parts of the decision-making process for the ecological water use are determined hereinafter, such as: ecological questions; relationships between water, ecology and ecological value; decision-making on the expected ecological condition; guarantee measures and monitoring, furthermore, the main contents of all the parts concerned are given as well.Based on the decision-making process for ecological water use, six research levels are introduced as follows: 1ecological problems,2relationship between water and ecology, (3)ecological value, (4)decision-making, (5) ecological water use guarantee, (6)monitoring.Through the research on the concepts of ecological water demand at home and abroad, some definitions are made such as ecological water demand, ecological water use, ecological water consumption, ecological water reservation, expected ecological water demand and critical ecological water demand as well.