出山店水库表孔低水头大单宽流量消能方式研究

由于出山店水库下游河床水位低且水深变幅较大,能量较为集中,对下游冲刷严重,传统消能方式很难满足工程需求。本文结合出山店混凝土坝下消能防冲实验研究成果,对宽尾墩的水流特点、掺气特征、消能效果等进行了探讨,再通过数值模拟得出的水面线计算成果与实验结果吻合良好。最后,经过模型试验、数值模拟的结果进行比选,得出溢流表孔采用底流消能同时联合T型墩、非完全宽尾墩等辅助消能方式的消能率有所提高,消能效果提升明显。本研究可为类似的低水头、大单宽流量、低佛劳德数水库消能设计与试验研究提供参考。

Study on energy dissipation mode of low-head and large unit discharge for surface outlet of Chushandian Reservoir

Due to the lower water level and larger changing amplitude of water depth of the downstream river bed of Chushandian Reservoir,more concentrated energy is there along with serious downstream erosion,thus the conventional energy dissipation modesare difficult to meet the engineering requirement of the project.In combination with the achievements from the study on the experiment of energy dissipation and erosion control made under the concrete dam of Chushandian Reservoir,the flow characteristics,aeration characteristics and energy dissipation effect of flaring gate pier are discussed herein,and then it is obtained from the relevant numerical simulation that the calculation result of the water surface line is better coincided with that from experiment.Finally,through the comparison between the results from both the model experiment and the numerical simulation,it is obtained that the energy dissipation rate can be enhanced to a certain extent by means of combining the mode of bottom-flow energy dissipation with the auxiliary energy dissipation modes of T-shaped pier,incomplete flaring gate pier,etc.for the surface-overflow outlet,from which the energy dissipation effect is obviously enhanced.This study can provide a reference for the energy dissipation design and the relevant experimental study of the similar reservoir with low water head,large unit discharge and low Froude number.