国内大孔口水闸结构关键技术问题研究

由于国内传统水闸存在孔口小、形态单一且自动化程度低等局限,已满足不了国民经济建设需求,大孔口水闸建设势在必行。但是,现有设计规范尚未对大孔口水闸结构设计提出明确的计算方法。为此,从大孔口水闸结构自身特点出发,围绕地基不均匀沉降、闸基渗流稳定及水闸结构温控防裂等关键技术问题展开讨论并提出合理化建议如下:地基处理方面,应根据地基条件、结构特点以及施工条件等通过有限元数值分析,组合选用桩基法、换土垫层法、排水固结法、振冲法及深基础等地基加固技术;在闸基渗控方面,可依照防渗、排渗、反滤三者相结合的原则,因地制宜地选择渗控措施;对于水闸底板和闸墩结构,应根据工程实际情况组合选用结构分缝、控制混凝土浇筑温度、水管通水冷却、表面保温等温控措施,以解决大孔口水闸结构温控防裂问题。

Study on key technical issues of large orifice sluice structure in China

Due to the limitations of small orifice，single form，lower automatic degree，etc. ，the conventional sluice cannot meet the demand of the national economic construction in China，and then the construction of large orifice sluice is imperative. However，no any definite calculation methods are provided in the relevant current design specifications for the design of the large orifice sluice structure. Therefore，from the self-characteristics of the large orifice sluice structure，the discussions on the key technical issues，i. e. uneven foundation settlement，seepage of sluice foundation，temperature control，anti-cracking are made herein and the relevant reasonable suggestions are given as the followings: In the aspect of the foundation treatment，the foundation reinforcement technologies of pile-foundation method，soil replacement cushion method，drain-consolidation method，vibroflotation method，depth foundation，etc. must be combined and selected through the relevant finite element numerical analyses in accordance with the foundation condition，structure characteristics and the construction condition. In the aspect of seepage control of sluice foundation，the seepage control measures must be selected according to the local condition on the basis of the principle of the combination of anti-seepage，drainage for seepage and filtration. In the aspect of the bottom slab and the pier structures of sluice， the temperature control measures of structural jointing，control of temperature of concrete placement，pipe cooling，surface insulation，etc. must be combined and selected in accordance with the actual construction condition，so as to solve the problems from temperature control and anti-cracking of the large orifice sluice structure.