云南典型高原湖泊富营养化及其生态修复研究

始于70年代末80年代初的湖泊富营养化问题,严重阻碍了云南社会经济发展,继而引起了人们极大地关注。已有的研究从富营养化特征、机制、演化以及生态、工程修复等方面进行了相关探究,其1980—2010年湖泊水体总磷、总氮、透明度、叶绿素、生化需氧量及营养状况指数等均指示和记录了近30年来云南典型高原湖泊富营养化特征及演化过程。在系统总结前人研究成果的基础上、基于云南高原湖泊富营养化的典型性与差异性、富营养化演化及其修复现状的背景下认为:近年来富营养化水体水质好转大多只是季节性或区域性迹象,云南高原湖泊整体上乃处于持续的富营养化和污染状态,部分湖泊因为周边农业用地和建设的扩展已经导致湖泊处于不可恢复状态,抚仙湖、阳宗海等湖泊周边因开发需水量大,导致湖泊水位出现快速下降和湖容大量减少。进一步对云南高原典型富营养化湖泊开展更大时间尺度的研究,特别是湖泊变化机理的研究和趋势预警的升级是今后努力的重点和方向。

Yunnan typical highland lake eutrophication and ecological restoration Progress

Eutrophication problems began in the late 1970s early 1980s ,it seriously hampered the social and economic development of Yunnan ,which in turn has aroused great attention.Previous studies from eutrophica-tion features,mechanisms,evolution and ecology,engineering,repair and other aspects related to explore its 1980-2010 lake water total phosphorus,total nitrogen,transparency,chlorophyll,BOD and nutrient conditions index etc.Indicating and recording for nearly 30 years ,the Yunnan Plateau lake eutrophication typical charac-teristics and evolution.In the system summary ,based on the results of previous studies ,and the following typi-cal Yunnan Plateau lake eutrophication and diversity ,evolution and repair eutrophication status of background that：eutrophication of water quality improvement in recent years ,mostly just seasonal or regional signs ,Yunnan plateau lakes has been in a constant state of eutrophication and pollution ,part of the agricultural land sur-rounding the lake because of the expansion and construction have led to the lake in an unrecoverable state , Fuxian,and other surrounding lakes due Yangzonghai development of water demand ,leading to a rapid decline in lake levels and a significant reduction in capacity of the lake.Further eutrophic lakes in Yunnan plateau typical time scale of a larger research ,particularly research and upgrade lakes trend change warning mecha-nism is the focus and direction of future efforts.