Spatial Assessment of Water Quality in Peripheral Rivers of Dhaka City for Optimal Relocation of Water Intake Point |
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Authors: | Sayma Rahman Faisal Hossain |
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Affiliation: | (1) Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Connecticut, 261 Glenbrook Road, U 2037, Storrs, CT 06269-2037, USA;(2) Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Tennessee Technological University, 1020 Stadium Drive, Box 5015, Cookeville, TN 38501, USA |
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Abstract: | In order to meet the ever increasing demand of drinking water, Dhaka Water Supply Authority (DWASA) of Bangladesh has installed
a number of deep tube wells that tap the upper aquifers. However, in most parts of the city, the current groundwater abstraction
exceeds the recharge rate, causing the groundwater to be mined systematically and be depleted of its reserve. Thus, there
is an urgent need to alleviate the demand on the upper aquifers and explore more sustainable sources to augment the present
water supply. This implies a conjunctive use of groundwater and surface water in order to maintain the balance between anthropogenic
demand and water’s natural availability. However, the surface water along these peripheral rivers is known to be highly polluted
due to municipal and industrial untreated wastewaters that are discharged. This study analyzes the present water quality scenario
along the surrounding rivers of Dhaka City pertaining to a 2-day field survey during the dry season of 2005. It uses a Geographic
Information System (GIS) as a tool to arrive at a solution for relocation of the current intake point for surface water withdrawal.
Derivation of water quality profiles (as a function of distance) along the downstream and upstream reaches of the current
intake location indicated that a new location 12 km upstream of the present intake point could potentially be ideal for withdrawing
surface water during the monsoon season. Such a proposed location was considered optimal due to the anticipated moderate construction
costs of the transmission system that would be necessary to draw water to the current treatment plant. The study lays the
foundations for the Dhaka City planners and designers to make a qualitative resource assessment of surface water. Such an
assessment can eventually evolve to a long-term monitoring system of water supply sources for any city using GIS tools. |
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Keywords: | Water supply Peripheral rivers Conjunctive use Surface water Ground water Industrial pollution Spatial analysis GIS tools |
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