乙炔氢氯化合成氯乙烯催化剂的研究进展

随着“水俣公约”实施日期的逐渐逼近,低/非汞催化剂的研究成为电石法生产氯乙烯的关键性因素,概述了近几年来国内外电石法乙炔氢氯化合成氯乙烯催化剂的研究现状,主要调查了低汞催化剂,以Au 为代表的非汞贵金属催化剂,以Cu,Ni,Fe,Co 等为代表的非汞非贵金属催化剂,以及以C–N 复合材料为代表的非金属催化剂的研究现状,重点综述了不同催化剂的改性处理手段和催化机理的研究现状。指出在各种催化剂中,贵金属催化剂价格昂贵,很难实现工业化;非贵金属催化剂性能仍需进一步提升;新兴的C–N 复合材料具有优越的催化性能,有很大的应用前景,此类非金属材料催化剂将成为新的研究热点。

Development of Researches on Catalysts for Acetylene Hydrochloride to Synthesis Chloroethylene

With the approaching of the date of the application of“ Minamata convention”,researches on the low/non-mercury catalysts for the production of chloroethylene of calcium carbide method becomes the key factor. The status of the catalysts for ethylene hydrochlorinate to prepare chloroethylene in China and other countries were reviewed. The progress of the low-mercury catalysts,the precious metal based catalysts that delegated by gold,the non-precious metal based catalyst that delegated by copper, nickel,iron,cobalt and carbon-nitrogen delegated non-metal based composite catalysts was summarized. The emphasis was played on the status of the modi cation of different catalysts and catalytic mechanism. It is pointed out that in all of the catalysts,the price of the precious metal based catalysts is high,which make it dif cult to be industrialized;the performance of non-precious metal based catalyst still need to be improved;as a novel catalyst,the carbon-nitrogen based composite catalysts show superior performance and have promising prospect for application, which will be a hot-point for researches in non-metal based material elds.