高温处理对酚醛树脂基复合材料性能的影响

以自制的酚醛树脂(PF)为基体,玻璃纤维布(GFC)、高硅氧玻璃纤维布(HSGFC)和碳纤维布(CFC)为增强体,采用铺层模压法制备了PF/GFC,PF/CFC和PF/HSGFC复合材料,并在200~800℃范围内对复合材料进行了高温处理,研究了不同处理温度对这3种复合材料失重率和力学及烧蚀性能影响。结果表明,当处理温度高于400℃后,3种复合材料的失重率随处理温度升高逐渐增大,其中,PF/CFC的失重率最大,而PF/GFC的失重率最低;但800℃下3种复合材料的失重率均在10%以下。随处理温度升高,3种复合材料的弯曲强度、压缩强度、拉伸强度总体上均先增大后减小,当处理温度为400℃达到最大,烧蚀性能具有与力学性能相反的变化趋势。在400℃的处理温度下,PF/GFC的弯曲强度、质量烧蚀率和线烧蚀率最高,拉伸强度最低;PF/CFC的压缩强度、拉伸强度最高,线烧蚀率最低;而PF/HSGFC的压缩强度和弯曲强度最低,其质量烧蚀率也最低。

Effects of Heat Treatment on Properties of Phenolic Resin Based Composite

Taking phenolic resin (PF) as matrix and glassfiber cloth (GFC),high-silica glassfiber cloth (HSGFC) and carbon fiber cloth (CFC) as reinforcement,the PF/GFC,PF/HSGFC and PF/CFC composites were prepared through stacking compres-sion molding,then the three composites were treated in the range of 200–800℃. The effects of treating temperature on the weight loss rate,mechanical and ablative properties of the composites were studied. The results show that when the treating temperature is above 400℃,the weight loss rates are improved with the increase of treating temperature,the weight loss rate of PF/CFC is maxi-mum and that of PF/GFC is minimum,the weight loss rates of the three composites are below 10% at 800℃. With the increase of the treating temperature,the bending,compression and tensile strength of the three compositesfirst increase and then decrease and reach maximum at 400℃,the changes of ablation properties are the opposite of mechanical properties. Under 400℃,the bending strength,mass ablation rate and line ablation rate of PF/GFC are highest but tensile strength is lowest,the compression,tensile strength of PF/CFC are highest and the line ablation rate is lowest,the compression,bending strength and mass ablation rate of PF/HSGFC are all lowest.