联醇铜基催化剂的失活机理与使用和维护技术

在联醇生产过程中,导致铜基催化剂失活的因素主要有化学毒物(硫化物、氯及其化合物、羰基金属化合物、油污和氨等)引起的化学中毒、在还原气氛中造成活性铜被还原、超温失活、过量CO2破坏Cu-CuO界面结构等。为了延长铜基催化剂的使用寿命,可采用的使用与维护技术主要有:精脱硫过程必不可少,选用均温型合成塔,良好的催化剂装填技术和还原技术,避免超温失活,足够的轻负荷生产,尽量减小气量波动和减少开、停车次数等。

Deactivation Mechanism of Copper-Based Catalyst for Integrated Methanol Production, its Use and Maintenance Technology

In integrated methanol production the factors leading to deactivation of the copperbased catalyst are chemical poisoning by chemical toxicants （sulfides, chlorine and its compounds, carbonyl metal compounds, greasy dirt, ammonia and so on）, active copper reduced in a reduction atmosphere, deactivation in overtemperature, and destruction of Cu-Cu0 interracial structure by excess C02. To prolong the service life of the copper-based catalyst, the main operation and maintenance techniques to be used are： final desulfurization indispensable, use of uniform temperature converter, good technology for loading and reduction of catalyst, avoidance of deactivation in overtemperature, production under adequately low load, decrease as for as possible of gas volume fluctuation, and refraining from frequency of start-up and shut down.