微乳化柴油制备及其节油率与稳定时间的研究

用烷基苯磺酸钠、失水山梨醇油酸酯和MOA多元复配乳化剂制备了微乳化柴油。此柴油微乳液粒径在60 nm左右,乳液颗粒分布均匀,且实验重复性好。在温度为45℃,搅拌时间为60 min,乳化剂质量分数为4%,水质量分数为15%条件下,对制得的微乳化柴油的十六烷值、闪点、黏度等理化性能指标进行了测定,均满足0#普通柴油国标标准。通过柴油发电机组台架试验,微乳化柴油最高节油率约为7.5%,比纯柴油烟度降低83.1%,NOx排放量比纯柴油降低86.5%。研究了该微乳化柴油的热稳定性,通过微乳化柴油高温稳定时间(80℃)与常温稳定时间之间的近似关系推得其常温稳定时间。此种方法相对于传统测定常温稳定时间的方法而言,可节省大量检测时间。经实验证明,高温稳定时间在30 min以上的柴油微乳液,可以储存1年以上。

Preparation and properties of microemulsifying diesel oil

The microemulsifying diesel oil is prepared by using the mixed emulsifier.The diameter of the microemulsion of diesel oil is about 60 nm.The physicochemical properties of the microemulsion are measured under optimal condition,which meet the standard.The thermal stability of this microemulsion is studied.The relationship of the time of the stability and the time of the thermal stability are obtained.The experiment of diesel generators is carried out.The result show the highest oil-saving is about 7.5%.The emission of NOx is 86.5%,which is lower than the diesel.The time of the stability is obtained by determining the time of the thermal stability.This method saves a lot of time compared with the traditional one.The results show that the microemulsion can be stored more than one year if the time of the thermal stability of the microemulsion is more than 30 min.