黏土矿物材料在含铀废水处理中的应用研究进展

结合国内外研究进展,叙述了埃洛石、高岭土、凹凸棒土、蒙脱石、膨润土和伊利石等典型黏土矿物矿物学特性、制备方法及其在含铀废水处理中的应用及存在问题。分析表明,通过对黏土矿物材料的物理及化学改性,能够提高其对废水中铀的吸附容量和特异性吸附,降低废水处理成本,在矿山含铀废水处理中具有广阔的应用前景。认为今后的研究方向应包括黏土矿物吸附铀酰离子的机理,提高黏土矿物表面铀酰离子的吸附活性位点的强度及数量;改进黏土矿物与微生物的相容性,利用两者的相互作用强化其对废水中铀的吸附性能。

Research Advances in the Application of Clay Mineral Materials on Uranium-Containing Wastewater Treatment

Combined with the domestic and foreign research progress, the mineralogical characteristics, preparation methods, application and existing problems of uranium-containing wastewater treatment by typical clay minerals such as halloysite, kaolin, attapulgite, montmorillonite, bentonite and Illite were reviewed. The analysis showed that the adsorption capacity and specific adsorption of uranium in wastewater can be improved by the physical and chemical modification of clay mineral materials, reduces the cost of wastewater treatment and has a broad application prospect in the treatment of uranium-containing wastewater in mines. The research direction in the future is pointed out, including the mechanism of adsorption of uranyl ions by clay minerals, increasing the intensity and quantity of adsorption active sites of uranyl ion on clay mineral surface;improving the compatibility of clay minerals with microorganisms, and enhancing the adsorption of uranium in wastewater by means of the interaction of the two.