Inducing lattice defects in calcium ferrite anode materials for improved electrochemical performance in lithium-ion batteries |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Central Metallurgical Research and Development Institute, (CMRDI), P.O. Box 87, 11421, Helwan, Cairo, Egypt;2. Solid-State Physics Department, Physics Research Division, National Research Centre, 33 El- Bohouth St., Dokki, Giza, 12622, Egypt;3. Physics Department, College of Science, Jouf University, P.O. Box 2014, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia;4. Physics and Engineering Mathematics Department, Faculty of Electronic Engineering, Menoufia University, Menouf, 32952, Egypt |
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| Abstract: | Enhancing the electrical conductivity of electrode materials via a cationic substitution strategy was recognized as an effective way of improving the electrochemical performance of Li-ion batteries. Thus, LixCa1-xFe2O4 nanoparticles were synthesized via a facile inexpensive process at low temperature. XRD peaks refer to the formation of an orthorhombic structure with the Pnma space group. HR-TEM investigations reveal orthorhombic-like shape for pure CaFe2O4, nanoplatelet-like morphology for Li0.05Ca0.95Fe2O4 and irregular distorted crystals for Li0.1Ca0.9Fe2O4. Voids and pores in Li-doped CaFe2O4 were confirmed by FESEM and BET measurements. XPS spectra of O1s prove that Li-doped CaFe2O4 have higher conductivity due to the created lattice defects and oxygen species. Li-doped CaFe2O4 anodes exhibit great improvement in their initial discharge capacities ～1219 and 1606 mAhg?1 upon substitution of Ca with 5% and 10% Li, respectively. Furthermore, 10% Li-doped CaFe2O4 anode displays the highest Li-ions diffusion coefficient and exchange current density due to the enhanced Li+ ions mobility. Moreover, the DC activation energies for the LixCa1-xFe2O4 nanoparticles decreased with increasing Li content. |
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| Keywords: | Ferrite nanoparticles Cationic substitution Oxygen vacancies Lithium-ion batteries |
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