| Abstract: | Technical standards for pressure vessels – basis and background. The aim of this paper is to summarise the philosophy and the safety aspects of the German pressure vessel code. Emphasis is placed upon material selection, design, manufacture and inspection. The AD specifications, which are embodied in the German decree for pressure vessels, are compiled primarily to provide a good measure of safety to the average plant. The possible types of failure are discussed in connection with design aspects. It is shown in detail how the AD specifications account for inelastic material behaviour. A comparison between the German code and the ASME boiler and pressure vessel code shows that the stresses allowed by the German code are higher, leading in many cases to thinner walls. This is compensated for by rigorous inspection and non-destructive testing during manufacture. Regular examination completes the safety system. |
