反硝化除磷的影响因素及聚磷菌与聚糖菌耦合新工艺的研究进展

反硝化除磷（denitrifying phosphorus removal，DPR）工艺较传统脱氮除磷工艺具有节省曝气能耗、高效利用碳源、低污泥产量等优点而得到广泛的研究。本文综述了近年来在这一领域的研究进展，包括反硝化除磷菌（DPAOs）微生物学、碳源种类、pH、亚硝酸盐浓度及游离亚硝酸（free nitrous acid，FNA）、污泥龄（sludge retention time，SRT）、C/P比及mgNO{}_x^{-}-N/mgPO{}_{\mathrm{4}}^{\mathrm{3}-}-P、聚糖菌（GAOs）等。大多数研究只关注了聚磷菌（PAOs）和GAOs之间的竞争关系，而通过GAOs作用的内碳源部分反硝化（endogenous partial-denitrification，EPD），能够将NO{}_{\mathrm{3}}^{-}-N转化为NO{}_{\mathrm{2}}^{-}-N，将进一步降低同步脱氮除磷对碳源的需求。反硝化除磷的新工艺符合我国低C/N值的污水现状，SNADPR工艺是将部分硝化、厌氧氨氧化、反硝化与反硝化除磷相结合的先进脱氮除磷工艺，Anammox-EPDPR工艺协同厌氧氨氧化、EPD和反硝化除磷，充分利用GAOs内碳源的代谢作用，以产生NO{}_{\mathrm{2}}^{-}-N，减轻DPAOs和anammox菌对电子受体的竞争。以NO{}_{\mathrm{2}}^{-}-N为电子受体的短程反硝化除磷与新型脱氮工艺的耦合将成为实现污水高效节能的同步脱氮除磷的新方向。

Influencing factors of denitrifying phosphorus removal and advance research on novel process of coupling PAOs and GAOs

Denitrifying phosphorus removal (DPR) process has been widely studied for its advantages of energy saving, high efficiency utilization of carbon source and low sludge yield. This paper assesses the recent advances in this field, particularly relating to denitrifying phosphorus accumulating organisms (DPAOs) microbiology,the types of carbon source, pH value, nitrite concentration, free nitrous acid (FNA), sludge retention time (SRT), C/P, mgNO{}_x^{-}-N/mgPO{}_{\mathrm{4}}^{\mathrm{3}-}-P and glycogen accumulating organisms (GAOs).Previous research in this field only focuses on the competitive relationship between phosphorus accumulating organisms (PAOs) and GAOs. However, through endogenous partial-denitrification (EPD) driven by GAOs, NO{}_{\mathrm{3}}^{-}-N can be converted into NO{}_{\mathrm{2}}^{-}-N, which will further reduce the demand of carbon source for simultaneous nitrogen and phosphorus treatment. The novel process of denitrifying phosphorus removal accords with the current situation of low C/N value sewage in China. SNADPR process is an advanced simultaneous nitrogen and phosphorus removal process combining partial nitrification, anammox and denitrification (SNAD) with denitrifying phosphorus removal. Anammox-EPDPR process combining anammox, endogenous partial-denitrification and denitrifying phosphorus removal, makes full use of GAOs on intracellular carbon source for NO{}_{\mathrm{2}}^{-}-N production and alleviates competition between DPAOs and anammox for electron acceptor. The coupling of new denitrification process and partial denitrifying phosphorus removal process utilizing NO{}_{\mathrm{2}}^{-}-N as electron acceptorwill become a new direction of simultaneous nitrogen and phosphorus removal treatment with high efficiency and energy saving.