超薄皮层反渗透复合膜制备技术的研究进展

聚酰胺皮层的物化性质是决定反渗透复合膜（TFC-RO膜）物质筛分和水透过效率的关键性因素。近年来，基于超薄皮层（通常<50nm）的高性能复合膜研究取得了重要的进展。本文总结并分析了超薄皮层反渗透复合膜的研究进展，如低单体浓度控制技术、分子层层自组装（mLBL）、静电打印技术、界面优化技术及新型纳米材料技术的成膜机理及特性，对比了各项制备技术的优缺点。总体来说，超薄皮层反渗透复合膜的研究为精细设计聚酰胺皮层的物化结构，进一步设计更高效率的反渗透复合膜提供了重要思路，但超薄皮层与聚酰胺层微纳结构之间的相互联系以及超薄皮层反渗透复合膜长期运行的稳定性仍需进一步探索。

Progress in preparation of ultra-thin composite reverse osmosis membrane

The physiochemical properties of polyamide skin layer determine the separation performance and water permeability properties of thin film composite reverse osmosis (TFC-RO) membrane. Recently, significant progresses have been made on TFC-RO membranes with an ultra-thin (typically<50nm) skin layer. This work summarizes and analyzes the recent key advances in the formation mechanism and membrane characteristics of the ultra-thin TFC-RO membranes, such as low monomer concentration technique, molecular layer-by-layer assembly technique, electrospray facilitated printing technique, interface optimization technique and nano enhanced technique, and compares the advantages and disadvantages of each preparation technique. In general, the researches on ultra-thin TFC-RO membranes provide important approaches to fabricate more finely-structured polyamide skin layers and therefore to design TFC-RO membranes with enhanced performance. However, the interactions between the ultrathin skin layer and the micro-and nano-scale structures of the polyamide, and the long term operational stability of ultra-thin TFC-RO membrane still demand further research.