结构化铜基催化剂电化学还原CO2为多碳产物研究进展

近年来，随着有关铜基催化剂价态、晶面、微观形态等结构化因素对其催化性能影响的研究不断深入，铜基催化剂电化学还原CO₂高选择性制备高附加值多碳（C₂₊）产物取得长足进展。本文系统综述了近五年来结构化铜基催化剂电化学还原CO₂生成C₂₊产物的研究报道，并分析总结了铜基催化剂表面混合价态、高活性晶面和丰富晶界的存在，以及富含限域空间的形态学结构（纳米线阵列、纳米树突和纳米多孔结构等）的构建与其电化学还原CO₂生成C₂₊产物的活性和选择性之间的构效关系。进一步提出了CO₂电化学还原领域发展的新趋势，即充分发挥各个结构化因素的协同作用，原位制备具有混合价态和丰富晶界的纳米多孔结构铜基催化剂，并在流通池中高效还原CO₂持续生成C₂₊产物。

Recent progress in structured Cu-based catalysts for electrochemical CO2 reduction to C2+ products

In recent years, the influence of structural properties such as valence, facet and micromorphology on the catalytic performance of Cu-based catalysts has been extensively studied, and highly selective electrochemical reduction of CO₂ to high value-added multi-carbon (C₂₊) products over Cu-based catalysts has achieved great progress. This review provides an overview of the research progress in structured Cu-based catalysts for electrochemical reduction of CO₂ to C₂₊ products in the past five years, and analyzes the structure-activity relationship among the catalytic activity and reaction selectivity and the presence of mixed valence states, high-active facets and rich grain boundaries on the catalyst surface, as well as the structures with abundant confine spaces such as nanowire arrays, nanodendrites and nanoporous structures. The new trend in CO₂ electrochemical reduction is further proposed, that is, to take full advantage of the synergistic effect of various structural factors, to in situ prepare nanoporous Cu-based catalysts with mixed valence states and rich grain boundaries, and to apply flow cell to efficiently and continuously reduce CO₂ to C₂₊ products.