基于聚苯胺改性构建三维MXene复合材料及其电容性能

通过直接电化学法，本文利用MXene表面官能团的诱导能力，在外加电场的作用下，将苯胺单体与MXene共同修饰在不锈钢电极表面，成功制得具有三维结构的MXene/聚苯胺复合电极材料。采用SEM、XRD、XPS、FTIR和Raman光谱对复合电极材料的表面形貌、物相结构和组成进行了表征，并在1mol/L H₂SO₄中详细研究了该电极材料的电容性能。结果表明，得益于MXene的掺杂，MXene/聚苯胺复合电极表现出较好的电子传导能力和优异的电容性能，在10mV/s的扫描速率下电容可达417F/g，当扫描速率增至200mV/s时，其电容保持率为52%，比纯PANI电极高31%。该复合电极材料具有良好的循环稳定性，在1.0A/g的电流密度下循环2000次后电容保持率可维持在83.4%。此项研究工作可为三维MXene复合材料的构建提供设计思路。

Preparation of three-dimensional MXene composite materials based on polyaniline modification and its capacitive performance

Three-dimensional MXene/polyaniline composite electrode materials were successfully synthesized through direct electrochemical method. Aniline monomer was induced and electrochemically polymerized by the surface functional groups of MXene nanosheets under external electric field. The surface, structure and composition of the composite electrode material were characterized by SEM, XRD, XPS, FTIR and Raman spectra. The capacitance properties of the composite electrode material were investigated in 1mol/L H₂SO₄. The results indicate that the MXene /PANI composite electrode exhibits excellent electron conduction ability and outstanding electrochemical performance due to the MXene doping. The gravimetric capacitance of the MXene/PANI composite electrodes can reach 417F/g at a scan rate of 10mV/s, and when the scan rate increases to 200mV/s, the electrode can still retain 52% of the original specific capacitance value, which is 31% higher than that of pure PANI electrode. In addition, the composite electrode also exhibits excellent cycling stability, and the capacitance retention can be maintained up to approximately 83.4% after 2000 cycles at a current density of 1.0A/g. This research work can provide design ideas for the construction of 3D MXene composites.