九硝基三联苯炸药的合成及表征

以2, 4-二氯-1, 3, 5-三硝基苯(DCTNB)和2, 4, 6-三硝基氯苯(苦基氯)为原料, 在活化铜粉的催化下, 通过混合乌尔曼反应合成2, 2', 2", 4, 4', 4", 6, 6', 6"-九硝基三联苯(NONA), 利用柱色谱将目标产物与其他副产物进行了分离。采用红外光谱、质谱和核磁共振氢谱对目标产物及主要副产物的结构进行了表征, 结果表明目标产物为NONA, 主要副产物为六硝基二联苯(HNB)和十二硝基四联苯(DODECA)。利用DSC对NONA进行了热分解研究, 结果表明NONA的热分解温度为380℃, 证明合成的NONA具有良好的热稳定性。本工艺采用更加经济的DCTNB代替二溴三硝基苯作为原料更加经济, 反应条件更加温和, 具有良好的应用前景。

Synthesis and characterization of nonanitroterphenyl

In this study, 2, 2', 2", 4, 4', 4", 6, 6', 6"-nonanitroterphenyl (NONA) was synthesized starting from 2, 4-chloro-1, 3, 5-trinitrobenzene (DCTNB) and 2, 4, 6-trinitrochlorobenzene (PiCl) through the Ullmann reaction with active copper powder as catalyst. The target product and other by-products were separated through column chromatography.The structures of target product and other by-products were characterized by IR, MS and 1HNMR. The target product was NONA, and the main by-products were HNB and DODECA. Thermal decomposition of NONA was measured by DSC. The pyrolysis temperature of NONA was 380℃ and NONA had good heat stability. This technology cost less by selecting DCTNB as raw material instead of DiBrTNB, and reaction conditions were more moderate. It had a good application prospect.