香豆素类荧光传感器检测金属离子的研究进展

金属离子对自然环境和生物体的生长发育具有重要的影响，因此对环境中及生物体内的金属离子的识别和检测正日益受到人们广泛的关注。在不同的分析方法中，荧光分析法具有灵敏度高、选择性好和实时原位检测等优点，是实现环境中和生物体内金属离子识别和检测的良好工具。本文综述了近5年来香豆素类荧光传感器对一些重金属离子（Hg2+、Pb2+、Cd2+、Ni2+、Ag+）和一些具有重要生物学意义的过渡金属离子（Cu2+、Zn2+、Fe3+）的识别与检测及其应用进展情况，着重介绍了传感器分子的设计合成、识别机理、传感特性及其在环境分析和生物检测中的应用。随着金属离子检测要求的提高，未来香豆素类荧光传感器的设计将向着灵敏度更高、选择性更好、抗干扰性能更强的方向发展。此外，香豆素类传感器在生物检测中的应用研究有望得到进一步发展。

New progress in coumarin-based fluorescence sensor for metal ions

Metal ions have a significant impact on the environment and the growth and development of organism，therefore，the recognition and detection of metal ions in the environment and organism is gaining widespread attention. Among different analytical methods，fluorescence analysis has the advantages of high sensitivity，good selectivity，real-time and in situ detection，etc.，which is a good tool to achieve the recognition and detection of metal ions in the environment and organism. This paper is aimed to review the coumarin-based fluorescent sensors for the recognition and detection of heavy metal ions (Hg2+、Pb2+、Cd2+、Ni2+、Ag+)，biologically important transition metal ions (Cu2+、Zn2+、Fe3+) and their applications in recent five years，focusing on the design and synthesis of sensors，recognition mechanism，sensing characteristics and applications. With the higher requirement for metal ions detection，the design of coumarin-based fluorescent sensors will be developed for better performance with higher sensitivity，selectivity and stronger anti-interference in the future. In addition，applications of coumarin-based fluorescent sensors in biological detection are expected to be further developed.