木粉组分对木塑复合材料性能的影响研究进展

木塑复合材料通常由木粉和热塑性树脂复合而成。木粉自身由纤维素、半纤维素、木质素以及抽提物等多种成分组成，各组分对复合材料的各项性能产生不同的影响。本文对该领域的相关研究进展进行了概述，主要包括：纤维素能提高木塑复合材料的力学性能、吸水性和导电性，不利于耐候性及热稳定性；半纤维素对复合材料性能存在负面影响；木质素能降低复合材料的吸水性，提高热稳定性和生物耐候性，不利于耐光老化性；脱除抽提物能够提高复合材料的吸水性、力学性能、热稳定性和耐光老化性，不利于耐腐性。今后的研究可致力于将木粉中的组分进行分离或部分脱除，深入研究木粉各组分对复合材料的影响及其机理，为制备更高性能的木塑复合材料提供理论基础。

Influences of wood components on the property of wood-plastic composites

Wood-plastic composites （WPCs） are usually composed of wood flour （WF） and thermoplastic polymers. Wood contains various components，including cellulose，hemicelluloses and lignin，which pose different influences on the property of the resulting composites. In this paper， recent research is summarized in this area. In general，cellulose can improve the mechanical property，water uptake，and electric conductivity of the composites. However，cellulose is unfavorable to anti-weathering property and thermal stability. Hemicelluloses have negative effects on almost all properties of the composites. Lignin can reduce the water uptake of the composites，thus improving thermal stability and decay resistance while accelerating photo degradation. Removal of extractives can improve the water uptake，mechanical property，thermal stability，and anti-weathering property of the composites，but has negative effect on decay resistance. Therefore，further investigations should be focused on investigating these effects by separating the wood components or partly removing some components from wood，as well as studying the mechanism. This could provide a theoretical basis for preparing higher performance WPCs.