基于水力空化的化工过程强化研究进展

水力空化（HC）是一种利用声化学效应（即空泡溃灭时释放出的巨大能量）的高效、绿色化工过程强化技术，是国内外的研究热点。该技术具有设备造价低、可放大性强、可与其他物理及化学方法高效耦合等优点，工业应用前景广泛。本文介绍了HC现象及其特性；归纳了近年来HC技术在有机废水处理、水消毒与生物燃料制备等代表性应用的研究、应用进展以及作用机理，展示了其工业应用的潜力；总结了用于诱发HC现象的水力空化反应器的发展过程与研究现状；最后，结合发展趋势与作者的研究经历，归纳了国内外在HC研究方面存在的问题，指出了其未来发展方向，为HC技术的发展与工业应用探索提供建设性意见。

Advances in process intensification based on hydrodynamic cavitation

Utilizing huge energy release during cavitation bubble collapse (i.e., sonochemical effect), hydrodynamic cavitation (HC) is an effective, green chemical process intensification technology, which has become a research hotspot around the world. HC technology, with the advantages of low equipment cost, good scalability, and effective synergism with other physical or chemical means, has a huge potential for industrial applications. The present review introduces HC phenomenon and its characteristics. The research and application progresses and corresponding mechanisms of HC technology in three representative applications, i.e., organic wastewater treatment, water disinfection, and biofuel production, were summarized, indicating its potential in industrial applications. Moreover, the development process and the state of the art of hydrodynamic cavitation reactors, which are utilized to induce HC phenomenon, were discussed. Finally, based on the development trend and the authors' research experience, the existing issues and research direction of HC technology were proposed. The present review can provide constructive suggestions for accelerating the development and industrial application of HC technology.