膜软化及其应用

膜软化为近十几年发展起来的一种新的水软化工艺，属发离技术中的纳滤分离过程，具有无污染、无需再生、工艺简单、操作方便、设备占地省、出水水质好等优点，在国际上已得到广泛应用。作者主要阐述了膜软化的原理、软化用膜及其性能、膜软化过程及膜软化器设计等方面的内容；详细论述了膜软化在常规水脱硬、高硬度海岛水软化、海水去除硫酸盐和预软化等方面的应用；对膜软化过程的经济性进行了评述，并将膜软化的制水成本与常规软化

Membrane softening and application

Membrane softening is the newest of the water softening processes,and is one of the membrane separation technologies known as nanofiltration. Comparing with the traditional water softening processes,membrane softening has the advantages of no environmental pollution, no need for regeneration,high quality of the producted water,simplicity of the technology and operation. Membrane softening was developed quickly to the past twenty years and now is widely used in the world. This review mainly discussed the principle of membrane softening,softening membranes and their performance,membrane softening process.membrane softening unit and its design. The applications of membrane softening to the fields of removing hardness from conventional water,softening of the island water with high hardness,removing sulfates and hardness from seawater are also reviewed in detail. The economy of membrane softening process and its cost comparing with conventional lime softening are also discussed in this paper. This review would provide a theoretical guide for the application of membrane softening.