稠油石油酸盐及其对稠油乳化降粘应用研究

以辽河稠油为原料,采用脱酸剂法,对稠油中的石油酸进行抽提,然后分离出石油酸盐回注到稠油中,进行乳化降粘。考察了复合萃取剂用量、抽提相分离温度、相分离时间、脱酸剂油比、碱酸摩尔比及萃取次数等因素对抽提酸效果的影响。确定了抽提酸的最佳工艺条件:复合萃取剂用量60%,碱酸摩尔比1.0,剂油比2.0,80℃保温分相2 h,在该条件下,分三级萃取,环烷酸抽提效率达到92.20%,脱酸剂收率可达96.18%;并测试了石油酸盐对稠油的乳化降粘性能,结果表明,稠油石油酸盐与其它表面活性剂进行简单复配,对辽河稠油和渤海稠油等环烷基或中间基稠油有明显的乳化降粘效果,降粘率分别达到90%和80%以上,具有较好的适用性。

Study on naphthenate and its emulsify viscosity reduction property in heavy crude oil

A naphthenate was extracted from Liaohe heavy oil with deacidfication technique,which can be acted as an emulsifier.Many parameters were researched such as the dosage of compound extractant,the temperature and time of extraction phase separation,volume ratio of deacidifier/oil,molar ratio of acid/alkali and extraction times,the optimum extraction conditions were aslo confirmed.Under the conditions:the dosage of compound extractant is 60%,the volume ratio of deacidifier/oil is 2.0,the molar ratio of acid/alkali is 1.0,80 ℃,2 h and three-stage extraction,the extraction rate of petroleum acid reached to 92.20% and the recovery rate of deacidifier is 96.18%.Further,the capability of emusified heavy oil was also tested.The results showed that the naphthenate by simply combining with others surfactants has obviously emulsify viscosity reduction property for naphthene base or intermediate base heavy oil such as Liaohe and Bohai heavy oil which viscosity reduction ratio of them respectively reached more than 90% and 80%,then it has better applicability.