聚吡咯/凹凸棒石纳米复合材料的制备及导电性能

以三氯化铁(FeCl_3)为氧化剂,十二烷基磺酸钠(sodium dodecylsulfonate,DSNa)为掺杂剂,使吡咯单体(pyrrole,Py)在凹凸棒石(attapulgite,ATP)的表面发生原位聚合反应,制备出聚吡咯/凹凸棒石(polypyrrole/attapulgite,PPy/ATP)纳米导电复合材料.研究了毗咯用量、聚合温度、聚合时间、FeCl_3用量以及DSNa用量对纳米导电复合材料体积电阻率的影响,确定了制备纳米导电复合材料的工艺条件.通过X射线衍射、热重-差热分析、Fourier红外光谱、Raman光谱和透射电子显微镜对纳米复合材料进行表征,结果表明:当吡咯用量(以ATP的质量计)为30%,FeCl_3与Py的摩尔比为2.3,DSNa的浓度为0.02g/mL时,20℃反应3h得到的PPy/ATP复合材料的体积电阻率可达7Ω·cm,聚吡咯以非晶态形式存在于凹凸棒石表面,两者之间的作用为物理作用.

SYNTHESIS OF POLYPYRROLE/ATTAPULGITE NANOCOMPOSITE MATERIAL AND ITS CONDUCTIVITY

The polypyrrole/attapulgite(Ppy/ATP) nanocomposite materials were prepared via in-situ polymerization of pyrrole monomer on the surface of ATP, using FeCl_3 and sodium dodecylsulfonate (DSNa) as oxidant and dopant, respectively. Effects of the dosage of pyrrole, the polymerization temperature, the polymerization time, the amount of FeCl_3 and DSNa on the volume resistivity of the composite were investigated. And the nanocomposite was characterized by thermogravimetric-differential thermal analysis, X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared, Raman spectrameter and transimission electron microscope. The results show that the volume resistivity of the nanocomposite can reach 7 Ω·cm when the dosage of pyrrole is 30% (based on the mass of ATP), the polymerization temperature is 20 ℃, the polymerization time is 3h, the mole ratio of FeCl_3 to pyrrole is 2.3 and the concentration of DSNa is 0.02 g/mL. The surface of attapulgite is coated by amorphous polypyrrole and the physical interaction occurs between polypyrrole and attapulgite.