AP/Al/SMX/HTPB四组元推进剂能量特性的理论研究

采用推进剂性能评估软件(PEP),计算和比较了2,3-二羟甲基-2,3-二硝基-1,4-丁二醇四硝酸酯(SMX)和HMX取代高氯酸铵/铝粉/丁羟黏合剂(AP/Al/HTPB)推进剂中AP对配方能量性能的影响。用高温化学平衡计算代码模拟计算了AP/Al/SMX/HTPB和AP/Al/HMX/HTPB复合固体推进剂的能量和标准发动机工作过程。结果表明,与HMX相比,SMX能在更大的配比范围内提高HTPB推进剂的能量水平。在质量分数14%HTPB、18%Al的配方中,SMX能有效将推进剂的平衡流比冲提高到2 622.5N·s/kg,比HTPB三组元能量优化配方高27.5N·s/kg。在质量分数14%HTPB、15%Al的配方中,SMX取代AP后,比冲最高可达2 634.2N·s/kg,比HTPB三组元能量优化配方高39.2N·s/kg。在质量分数15%Al、HTPB质量分数为12%和10%的配方中,SMX质量分数可分别达到45%和65%;最高比冲可分别达到2 652.9和2 679.3N·s/kg,比HTPB三组元能量优化配方分别高57.9和84.3N·s/kg。在不含Al或Al含量很低的配方中,SMX可取代全部AP。

Theoretical Investigation of Energetic Characteristics of AP/Al/SMX/HTPB Quard-propellant

The effect of replacing ammonium perchlorate(AP) in AP/Al/HTPB with 2,3-bis(hydroxymethyl)-2,3-dinitro-1,4-butanediol tetranitrate(SMX)and HMX on the energy performance of formulation was calculated and compared by a propellant performance evaluation software.The energy of AP/Al/SMX/HTPB and AP/Al/HMX/HTPB composite solid propellants and standard motor working process were simulated and calculated by a high temperature chemical equilibrium code.The results show that compared with HMX, SMX can more effectively enhance the energy level of HTPB composite solid propellants in a much larger proportion.In the formulation containing 14% HTPB and 18%Al in mass fraction, SMX can increase the equilibrium specific impulse (Isp) up to 2622.5 N·s/kg, which is 27.5N·s/kg higher than the optimized HTPB/Al/AP tri-propellant.In the formulation containing 14% HTPB and 15%Al in mass fraction, after replacing HMX with SMX, the Isp can reach to 2634.2N·s/kg,which is 39.2N·s/kg higher than the optimized HTPB/Al/AP tri-propellant.In the formulation of 15%Al, 12%HTPB and 10%HTPB in mass fraction, the mass fraction of SMX can respectively reach 45% and 65%, and the maximum Isp can reach 2652.9 and 2679.3N·s/kg, which are 57.9 and 84.3N·s/kg higher than HTPB tri-propellants, respectively.In the formulation without Al or with a low content of Al, SMX can replace all of the AP.