缓释、控释肥料生产、使用前景展望

从我国氮、磷、钾肥高消费、低利用率的现状,阐述了为什么缓控释肥被列为国家中长期科学技术发展计划的优先主题之一。介绍了哪些肥料是缓释、控释肥及当前世界生产、消费量。据估计,2005年世界缓释、控释肥料产量及消费量不超过100万t/a,若包括用于大田作物,具有一定缓释性能的包膜、包裹、包囊肥料,即广义的缓释、控释肥料世界生产、消费量已达120万t/a。展望了缓控释肥生产使用前景,在世界范围内,缓控释肥生产与消费的制约条件是产品价格;就国内而言,农民对肥料要求速效、速溶、速散是推广缓释、控释肥的主要思想障碍。降低生产成本,转变农民对缓释肥的认识,才能推动我国缓控释肥高速发展。

Prospects for the production and application of slow and controlled release fertilizers

As one of the priority in China for the science and technology development in the middle and long term,the slow and controlled release fertilizers are discussed from the reasons on high consumption and low application effect of the current nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium fertilizers.The varieties and specifications of slow and controlled release fertilizers,as well as their total output and consumption in the world are also described. By estimate,the global production and consumption of the slow and controlled release fertilizers is less than 1 million t/a in 2005,in a broad sense,the global production and consumption is about 1.2 million t/a,including the coating,coated and capsulated fertilizer with some slow and controlled release function for the application in the field corp.Viewing the production and consumption prospect of the slow and controlled release fertilizers,the product price is a constraint factor in the international market,meanwhile the farmers' request to the fertilizer with the fast available,instant soluble and quickly scattered characteristics is a thought obstacle in China for spreading the slow and controlled release fertilizer,so the reduced productive cost and changed farmers' understanding are the conditions for the fast development of slow and controlled release fertilizer in China.