磷化工企业技术创新效率评价——基于27家上市公司的数据

提升磷化工产业技术创新效率对于磷化工产业健康、有序、绿色可持续发展具有重要意义。选取中国不同省份的27家磷化工上市企业作为研究对象,构建技术创新效率评价体系,收集2018年企业的投入产出数据,基于数据包络分析法（DEA）模型对技术创新效率进行整体分析和内部分析。研究发现：中国磷化工上市企业整体技术创新效率值为0.372,未达到DEA有效标准;纯技术效率低或规模效率低是企业技术创新效率非DEA有效的主要原因;将近3/4的磷化工上市企业存在技术创新投入的规模收益递减;45%的企业因研发经费冗余、50%的企业因产出不足导致上市企业非DEA有效。最后,结合研究结论提出磷化工产业技术创新效率提升的对策建议。

Evaluation of technological innovation efficiency of phosphorus chemical enterprises：Based on the data of 27 listed companies

Improving the efficiency of technological innovation in phosphorus chemical industry is of great significance to the healthy,orderly and green sustainable development of phosphorus chemical industry.With 27 listed enterprises of phospho-rous chemical industry in different provinces of China as the research objects,the evaluation system of technological innova-tion efficiency was constructed,the input-output data of enterprises in 2018 were collected,and the overall and internal analysis of technological innovation efficiency was carried out based on DEA model.The results showed that：the overall technological innovation efficiency of listed enterprises in China was 0.372,which did not meet the DEA effective standard; low pure technological efficiency or low scale efficiency was the main reason for the non DEA effective technological innovation efficiency of enterprises; close to 3/4 of listed enterprises in phosphorus chemical industry had the decline of scale return of technological innovation investment; 45% of enterprises were not DEA efficient due to redundant R&D funding and 50% of enterprises were not DEA efficient due to insufficient output.Finally,combined with the research conclusion,the countermeasures and suggestions to improve the technological innovation efficiency of phosphorus chemical industry were put forward.