疏水花生壳/聚氨酯复合泡沫的制备与油水分离性能

为提高聚氨酯泡沫（PUF）的疏水性能，首先采用十六烷基三甲氧基硅烷（HDTMS）对花生壳粉末（PSP）进行改性，得到疏水改性花生壳粉末（H-PSP）。水接触角测试结果表明，改性后H-PSP的水接触角由PSP的0°提高至145.2°。然后采用预聚体法制备了PUF负载H-PSP复合材料（H-PSP-PUF-n，n为H-PSP占聚氨酯预聚体PPU的质量分数）。对H-PSP-PUF-n的结构和性能进行了表征与测试。结果表明，H-PSP的负载提高了泡沫材料的表面粗糙度和力学性能，H-PSP的最佳负载量为PPU质量的10%（H-PSP-PUF-10）。与PUF相比，H-PSP-PUF-10的静态水接触角达到142.4°，较PUF提高了50.4°。对二氯甲烷、石油醚、煤油、二甲苯、环己烷五种油品进行油水分离实验，结果表明，H-PSP-PUF-10对不同油品的吸油倍率在7~9 g/g，而且具有良好的油水选择性。经15次吸附-脱附循环后，H-PSP-PUF-10对各油品的吸油倍率在6.5~8.0 g/g，具有良好的循环利用性。

Preparation and oil-water separation properties of hydrophobic peanut shell/polyurethane composite foam

In order to improve the hydrophobic properties of polyurethane foam (PUF), peanut shell powder (PSP) was firstly modified by hexadecyltrimethoxysilane (HDTMS) to prepare the hydrophobic modified peanut shell powder (H-PSP). The testing results of water contact angle showed that the water contact angle of modified H-PSP was increased from 0° of PSP to 145.2°. Then, PUF loaded with H-PSP composites (H-PSP-PUF-n, n is the mass fraction of H-PSP in polyurethane prepolymer PPU) were prepared by prepolymer method. The structure and properties of H-PSP-PUF-n were characterized and tested. The results showed that the loading of H-PSP on PUF improved the surface roughness and mechanical properties of foams. The optimal loading capacity of H-PSP was optimized to be 10% of the mass of PPU (H-PSP-PUF-10). Compared with PUF, the static water contact angle of H-PSP-PUF-10 reached to 142.4°, which was higher 50.4° than that of PUF. The oil-water separation experiments of dichloromethane, petroleum ether, kerosene, xylene and hexamethylene were carried out. The results showed that the adsorption capacity of H-PSP-PUF-10 for different oils was 7~9 g/g, as well as it had good oil-water selectivity. After 15 cycles of adsorption-desorption, the adsorption capacity of H-PSP-PUF-10 for different oils was about 6.5~8.0 g/g, which had excellent recyclability.