环境响应型吸水树脂研究进展

环境响应型吸水树脂面对外界刺激时能够快速产生响应，物理结构和溶胀性能迅速发生变化，有望应用于人造肌肉、药物控释载体、吸附分离、细粒煤脱水等领域。随着科学技术的进步，对其结构与性能提出了新的要求和用途，研究者在制备方法和改性研究方面也取得了新的成果。本文综述了近几年来环境响应型吸水树脂的研究进展，简述了环境响应型吸水树脂的结构与性质，重点介绍了4类不同响应类型(温度、pH、盐及磁响应)吸水树脂的响应机理、研究水平及应用现状，最后讨论了环境响应型吸水树脂在面向应用的研究过程中要解决的关键科学问题，提出制备具有多重响应机制并兼顾刺激响应特性与机械性能的吸水树脂可加快其由实验室基础研究向实际工业应用过渡和成果转化的进程。

Progress of environment responsive superabsorbent

Environment responsive superabsorbent can produce rapid response in the face of external stimulation and make changes in physical structure and swelling performance, which is expected to be applied in artificial muscles, drug controlled release carriers, adsorption and separation, fine coal dehydration and other fields. With the development of science and technology, new requirements and applications for the structure and properties of environment responsive superabsorbent have been put forward. This review briefly introduces the research progress of environment responsive superabsorbent in recent years. The response mechanism, research level and application of four kinds of superabsorbents with different sensitive types (temperature, pH, salt and magnetic) are mainly introduced. Finally, The key scientific problems to be solved in the application-oriented research of environmental responsive superabsorbent are discussed. It is proposed that the preparation of superabsorbent with multiple response mechanisms and mechanical properties can accelerate the transition from basic laboratory research to practical industrial application.