蛭石功能材料研究进展

蛭石是中国优势非金属矿产之一,具有二维(2D)层状结构和独特的高膨胀性能等优点,可应用于构建新型功能材料,但其存在结构稳定性差和纳米尺度控制难等问题。该文阐述了天然层状蛭石的结构与性质,回顾了近年来国内外关于蛭石复合功能材料的相关报道,重点分析了蛭石的剥离与改性及其在吸附、催化剂载体、有机-无机复合材料、储能、药物载体等方面的研究进展。最后针对蛭石研究存在的主要问题,提出今后研究的重点在蛭石剥离,多级结构复合功能材料和有机-无机复合功能材料的构建,以及相关机理的探索。

Research progress in functional materials of vermiculite

Vermiculite is considered to be a promising non-metallic mineral in China. With two-dimensional (2D) lay-ered material structure function and high expansion performance, new functional materials of vermiculite could be designed and synthesized according to the actual needs. However, the research problems are the stability and control of the nano-scale structural for vermiculite materials. Advantages and associations of structure and properties in layered functional material are described in this paper. The structure and prop-erties of natural vermiculite are not only described, but also the research progress on the composite mate-rials of vermiculite is reviewed in recent years. Especially, the composite materials of vermiculite are de-scribed in vermiculite peeling, adsorption, catalyst carrier, organic and inorganic composites, energy stor-age, and drug carrier, which have great industrial relevance for vermiculite functional materials. The exist-ing problems in the study of functional materials of vermiculite are introduced. Finally, the research trends of this field are brought forward: the future study should be focused on vermiculite exfoliation, fabrication of multistage composite functional materials, organic-inorganic composites of vermiculite, and explora-tion of related mechanisms.