α-氯代脂肪酸水热法中性水解合成α-羟基脂肪酸

开发了一条从天然脂肪酸合成α-羟基脂肪酸(α-HFA)的高产率、低污染且低成本的合成路线,即从天然脂肪酸制备α-氯代脂肪酸(α-CFA),再以α-CFA为原料通过水热法中性水解合成α-HFA。用GC-MS和IR鉴定了产物的结构,ESI-MS表征了产物的相对分子质量(以下简称分子量),纯化后α-HFA纯度达99%(GC)以上。探讨了水热中性水解反应中原料配比、反应加水量、反应温度、反应时间等因素对该水热工艺的影响,结果表明,当n(CaCO3)∶n(α-CFA)=1.05∶1,m(H2O)∶m(α-CFA)=2∶1,C12～C18的α-氯代天然脂肪酸在155℃水热条件下反应4 h后,α-HFA同系物的产率均高达98%～99%。

Hydrothermal Synthesis of α-Hydroxyl Fatty Acids Through Neutral Hydrolysis of α-Chloro Fatty Acids

α-Hydroxyl fatty acids(α-HFA) were hydrothermally synthesized through the neutral hydrolysis of α-chloro fatty acids(α-CFA) derived directly from natural fatty acids,which is a novel green route to synthesize α-HFA from natural fatty acids with the characteristics of a high yield,low-cost and environmental-friendly.In this paper,the structure of α-HFA was identified by FTIR and GC-MS and the relative molecular weight was confirmed by ESI-MS.The purity of purified α-HFA was examined by GC as high as 99%.Moreover,the influence of molar ratios of reactants,water dosages,reaction temperatures and reaction time on the hydrothermal synthesis has been investigated.The results indicate that the yield of α-hydroxyl natural fatty acid(C12～C18) can reach 98%～99% under the following conditions:n(CaCO3)∶n(α-CFA)=1.05∶1;m(H2O)∶m(α-CFA)=2∶1 at 155 ℃ for 4 hours.