Microstructure of geopolymer accounting for associated mechanical characteristics under various stress states |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Graduate Institution of Engineering Technology-Doctoral, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei, Taiwan;2. Chemical Engineering Division, Institute of Nuclear Energy Research, Taoyuan, Taiwan;3. Institute of Mineral Resources Engineering, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei, Taiwan;4. Department of Materials and Mineral Resources Engineering, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei, Taiwan;1. Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Nagoya University, ES Building, No. 546, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8603, Japan;2. Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Nagoya University, Japan;3. Nuclear Power Department, Kajima Corporation, Japan;4. Nuclear Safety Division, Mitsubishi Research Institute, Inc., Japan;1. Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, University of Yaounde I, Faculty of Science, Department of Inorganic Chemistry, P.O. Box 812, Yaounde, Cameroon;2. Institut für Mineralogie, Leibniz Universität Hannover, Callinstrasse 3, D-30167 Hannover, Germany;3. Local Materials Promotion Authority, P.O. Box 2396, Nkolbikok, Yaounde, Cameroon;4. Department of Engineering “Enzo Ferrari”, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia Via Vivarelli 10, 41125 Modena, Italy;1. Dipartimento di Ingegneria, Università di Napoli ‘Parthenope’, INSTM Research Group Napoli Parthenope, Centro Direzionale Napoli, Isola C4, 80143 Napoli, Italy;2. Dipartimento di Strutture per l''Ingegneria e l''Architettura, Università degli Studi di Napoli “Federico II”, Napoli 80125, Italy;3. Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università degli Studi di Napoli “Federico II”, Complesso Universitario di Monte S. Angelo, Via Cintia, 80126 Napoli, Italy;4. Dipartimento di Ingegneria Civile, Ambientale e Meccanica, Università di Trento, Via Mesiano, 77, Trento 38123, Italy |
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| Abstract: | Geopolymer was prepared with various SiO2/Na2O mole ratios and mechanical tests and microstructural analyses are performed to investigate how the constituents affect its mechanical behavior in distinct stress states. Laboratory results reveal that the SiO2/Na2O ratio affects the polymerization by influencing the formation of silicon Q4(mAl) structures. The proportion of Q4(4Al) correlates positively with the mechanical characteristics of geopolymer, and the proportion of Q4(2Al) correlates negatively with the mechanical characteristics of geopolymer. The proportions of Q4(mAl) affect the stress–strain curve and the failure modes of geopolymer under various confining pressures. Three types of stress–strain curves with different peak strengths and plastic deformations are obtained. Incomplete polymerization generates a geopolymer with an imperfect microstructure, which determines the plastic deformation while unloading. Polymerization of a geopolymer affects its apparent cohesion and friction angle. However, the friction-induced strength declines drastically when the failure mode changes from the split mode to the shear mode. |
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