SO42-/MxOy型固体超强酸催化剂改性及应用研究进展

SO₄^2-/M_xO_y型固体超强酸型催化剂具有活性高、污染小、不腐蚀设备和可重复使用等优点，是一种典型的环境友好催化剂。分析微乳液法、水热法、回流老化法和模板法等制备方法对催化剂催化性能的影响,介绍催化剂载体改性、引入金属或分子筛、促进剂等改性方面的研究进展,综述SO₄^2-/M_xO_y型固体超强酸催化剂在有机反应包括异构化反应、酯化反应、烷基化反应、酰化反应、脱水反应和齐聚反应中的应用。今后研究重点是如何利用新技术改进催化剂的制备过程和提高固体酸比表面积。

Research advance in modification and application of SO42-/MxOy solid superacid catalyst

SO42-/Mx Oy solid superacid catalysts have some advantages such as high activities,less pollution,no corrosivity to reactor and repeatable use,so they are a type of typical environmentally friendly catalysts.The effects of the catalyst preparation methods,including micro-emulsion,hydrothermal synthesis,reflux digestion and template methods,on catalytic activity were analysed.The research advance in modification of catalyst carriers,metals,zeolites and accelerants was discribed in detail.The application of SO42-/MxOysolid superacid catalysts in organic synthesis,including the reacion of isomerization,esterification,alkylation,acylation,dehydration and oligomerization,was reviewed.The development prospects in this field were also predicted.How to use new technologies to improve the preparation of solid acid catalysts and enhance their specific surface area is the research focus in future.