SO2-4/ZrO2/USY催化合成氯乙酸正丙酯的研究

采用沉淀法制备SO^2-₄/ZrO₂/USY催化剂，以氯乙酸和正丙醇为原料，催化合成氯乙酸正丙酯，考察反应时间、带水剂种类、带水剂用量、醇酸物质的量比及催化剂用量等因素对酯化反应的影响。结果表明，环己烷为氯乙酸正丙酯合成反应较适宜的带水剂，SO^2-₄/ZrO₂/USY在酯化反应中具有良好的催化活性。在氯乙酸0.25 mol、n(醇)∶n(酸)=1.5、反应时间3.0 h、带水剂环己烷7.5 mL和催化剂用量1.0 g条件下，酯化率达95.72%。催化剂重复使用6次，酯化率仍可达94.91%，催化活性基本不变，具有良好的重复使用性能。SO^2-₄/ZrO₂/USY具有反应条件温和、催化活性高、重复使用性能好和环境污染小等优点，具有较高的开发价值。

Synthesis of propyl chloroacetate catalyzed by SO2-4/ZrO2/USY

Solid acid SO4^2-/ZrO2/USY catalyst supported on USY zeolite was prepared by precipitation. Propyl chloroacetate was synthesized via the esterification of propanol and chloroacetic acid over SO4^2-/ZrO2/USY. Influence of reaction time, the kind and dosage of water carrying agents, molar ratio of pro- panol to chloroacetic acid, and catalyst dosage on esterification yield was investigated, The experimental results indicated that esterification yield of 95.72% was attained under the reaction condition as follows： chloroacetic acid amount 0.25 mol, molar ratio of propanol to chloroacetic acid 1.5 ,reaction time 3 h, water carrying agent dosage of cyclohexane 7.5 mL, and catalyst dosage 1.0 g. The esterification yield still reached 94.91% after the catalyst was repeatedly used for 6 times. SO4^2-/ZrO2/USYcatalyst exhibited excellent catalytic activity and reusability, and little environmental pollution under mild reaction condition.